ReviewJournal of personalized medicine2026
Pharmacogenomics and Opioid Efficacy in Sickle Cell Disease: Is the Field Ready for Precision Prescribing?
Review in Journal of personalized medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pain is a leading cause of morbidity and healthcare utilization in sickle cell disease (SCD), and opioids remain central to treating vaso-occlusive and chronic pain. Yet opioid response varies widely, raising the question of whether pharmacogenetic testing should inform opioid prescribing. Our review examined the PubMed literature on pharmacogenomics and opioid efficacy in SCD. We focus on CYP2D6 as the clearest current pharmacogenetic signal for codeine and tramadol, and assess SCD-specific implementation studies, preemptive testing, and African pharmacoequity. The current evidence supports targeted CYP2D6-informed prescribing in selected contexts rather than universal testing for all opioids, while highlighting the need to integrate genotype with pain phenotype, drug-drug interactions, liver function, and clinically grounded implementation studies, and better characterize African and African-ancestry pharmacogene variation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.