ArticleLife (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Combined Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Program in Adults: Endocrine and Metabolic Adaptations.
Article in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPhysical exercise induces coordinated endocrine and metabolic adaptations that contribute to the regulation of glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, stress responses, and anabolic processes. However, the integrated effects of combined aerobic and resistance exercise on multiple endocrine and metabolic outcomes require further investigation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 12-week combined aerobic and resistance exercise program on endocrine and metabolic parameters in normal-weight and mildly overweight adults.
methodsA total of 60 adults were randomly allocated to an exercise group (EX,
resultsCompared with the control condition, the exercise program was associated with favorable changes in endocrine and metabolic profiles. The EX-group showed reductions in fasting insulin, cortisol, fasting glucose, and HOMA-IR, together with increased GH levels. Favorable changes were also observed in the lipid profile, including reductions in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and triglycerides and an increase in high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL). In the male subgroup, total testosterone increased following the intervention, whereas estradiol changes in the female subgroup were more limited. Changes in insulin were associated with changes in glucose regulation and lipid parameters, while GH and cortisol changes showed additional associations with metabolic outcomes.
conclusionsThese findings support the role of structured combined exercise as a non-pharmacological strategy for promoting endocrine and metabolic health and preventing metabolic dysfunction.
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