ReviewMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Effects of Additive Incorporation on Fluoride Release of Orthodontic Glass Ionomer Cements and Adhesives: A Systematic Review.
Review in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This systematic review evaluated the effects of functional additives on fluoride release, fluoride recharge/re-release, and selected mechanical, physical, and biological properties of orthodontic glass ionomer cements (GICs) and glass ionomer-based adhesives. The review followed PRISMA guidelines. The protocol was retrospectively registered in the Open Science Framework. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and WorldCat were searched for in vitro studies investigating modified orthodontic GICs and reporting fluoride-related or clinically relevant material properties. The final literature search was conducted on 30 April 2026. After screening 87 records, 23 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Owing to substantial methodological and outcome heterogeneity among the included studies, no meta-analysis was performed, and the findings were synthesized narratively. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUIN Tool; 20 studies were classified as having a medium risk of bias and three as having a low risk, while none were classified as having a high risk. The effects of additives on fluoride release varied according to additive type and concentration, material composition, storage conditions, pH, and evaluation period. Increases in fluoride release were reported in studies evaluating materials containing nCaF
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.