ArticleMicroorganisms2026
Effects of Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Therapy on Conjunctival Flora and Antibiotic Resistance in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.
Article in Microorganisms, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment among older adults. Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents are widely used for neovascular AMD; however, their potential effects on the conjunctival microbiota remain poorly understood. This study evaluated the impact of intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy on conjunctival microbial composition and antimicrobial resistance patterns. MATERIALS AND
methodsNinety patients with AMD were enrolled and assigned to three groups: bevacizumab-treated (
resultsCulture positivity rates were comparable among groups, although a lower growth rate was observed in the bevacizumab group (83.3%) than in the aflibercept and control groups (100% each).
conclusionsIntravitreal anti-VEGF therapy may be associated with transient alterations in conjunctival microbiota composition and antimicrobial resistance patterns. These findings may have implications for infection prevention in patients undergoing repeated intravitreal injections.
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