Trial reportFrontiers in psychology2026
Limited change in adolescent value-based risk choices following acute sleep restriction and caffeine.
Trial report in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Adolescence is marked by changes in brain connectivity linked to risk decision-making, indexed by risk-taking propensity, optimal choices (safe, higher expected value), and irrational choices (risky, lower expected value). Insufficient sleep and caffeine consumption, common during adolescence, may independently and jointly influence risk decision-making in adolescents already predisposed to risk-taking. This study investigated whether sleep-restriction impairs risk decision-making, whether caffeine increases risk-taking propensity and optimal choices while decreasing irrational choices, and whether caffeine effects are enhanced under sleep-restriction. Methods: Forty-one adolescents aged 14-17 years completed a between-subject, two-night sleep manipulation (sleep-restriction: 6 h time in bed, sleep-extension: 9.5 h time in bed), followed by a within-subject, double-blind, placebo-controlled caffeine manipulation. Risk decision-making was assessed using a modified Wheel of Fortune task, and Bayesian inference quantified sleep and caffeine effects. Results: Across all outcomes, posterior estimates for sleep condition, caffeine, and their interaction were small, with 95% highest density intervals spanning zero; region of practical equivalence overlap varied across predictors, indicating limited evidence for practically meaningful effects. Caffeine effects and sleep-caffeine interactions remained uncertain across outcomes. Discussion: Adolescent risk decision-making on the modified Wheel of Fortune task showed no clear evidence of practically meaningful average changes after two nights of sleep-restriction or acute caffeine. These results suggest limited sensitivity of this task to the present manipulations rather than evidence that sleep or caffeine is inconsequential. Findings provide quantitative effect size and uncertainty benchmarks for future experimental work. Clinical trial registration: https://www.humanforschung-schweiz.ch/en/trial-search/study-detail/58864/translate/en/, identifier SNCTP000004988.
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