Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42656973›Full record

ReviewBiology of sport2026

Toward autonomous artificial intelligence agents in sports science: a modular framework for development, validation, and implementation.

Ismail Dergaa, Sabri Barbaria, Wissem Dhahbi, Piotr Zmijewski, Karim Chamari, Helmi Ben Saad

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biology of sport, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ismail DergaaHigh Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia.
Sabri BarbariaLaboratory of Biophysics and Medical Technologies, LR13ES07 (BTM), Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis (ISTMT), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1080, Tunisia.
Wissem DhahbiHigh Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, El Kef, Tunisia.
Piotr ZmijewskiJozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Karim Chamari *Research Office, Naufar Center, Doha, Qatar.
Helmi Ben Saad *Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Laboratory of Physiology, Sousse, Tunisia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite widespread artificial intelligence (AI) adoption in sports science for predictive analytics, current systems operate as passive tools requiring continuous human monitoring and intervention at every decision point. Autonomous AI agent systems capable of 24/7 monitoring, independent reasoning, and proactive action execution remain academically unexplored in sports science contexts. Unlike passive analytics that await human analysis or conversational interfaces requiring explicit prompting, autonomous agents operate continuously, detecting patterns and implementing interventions without human initiation. Our review distinguished autonomous agents from existing AI applications, proposes modular implementation frameworks, develops theoretical application workflows across eight priority domains, and establishes empirical validation pathways. Current (i.e., April 23, 2026) literature lacks peer-reviewed research on autonomous agent systems in sports science. This review connects computer science with exercise physiology. We integrate modern agent architectures with established sports science concepts. The outcome is a practical, multi-domain implementation roadmap. Our three-phase framework progresses from specialized single-domain agents through coordinated multi-agent systems to fully integrated platforms.

Indexed as

Agentic frameworksAI agentsAlgorithmic biasAthletic performanceChatGPTComputer visionExercise prescriptionHuman oversightImplementation scienceInjury preventionLarge Language ModelsMulti-agent coordinationMulti-agent systemsSports scienceTraining Load ManagementWearables

Identifiers

PMID42656973
PMCPMC13507934

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.