Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42661998›Full record

ReviewAnemia2026

Prevalence and Risk of Anemia in People With Multiple Sclerosis (MS): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Vasileios Giannopapas, Evangelia-Makrina Dimitriadou, Alexandra Akrivaki, Dimitrios K Kitsos, Konstantina Stavrogianni, Athanasios K Chasiotis, Konstantinos Tsamis, George P Paraskevas, Maria Kosmidou, John S Tzartos and 2 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Anemia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Vasileios GiannopapasSecond Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, uoa.gr.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6210-2086
Evangelia-Makrina DimitriadouSecond Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, uoa.gr.
Alexandra AkrivakiSecond Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, uoa.gr.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1347-8543
Dimitrios K KitsosSecond Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, uoa.gr.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-9329
Konstantina StavrogianniSecond Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, uoa.gr.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1221-4618
Athanasios K ChasiotisSecond Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, uoa.gr.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-1195
Konstantinos TsamisDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece, uoi.gr.
George P ParaskevasSecond Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, uoa.gr.
Maria KosmidouThird Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece, auth.gr.
John S TzartosSecond Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, uoa.gr.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7948-034X
Georgios TsivgoulisSecond Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, uoa.gr.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0640-3797
Sotirios GiannopoulosSecond Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, uoa.gr.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-5179

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Anemia appears as a common comorbidity in a different timing and underlying pathophysiology in people with MS (PwMS) and has been proposed as a prodrome finding in MS. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to fulfill the need to clarify some characteristics of anemia in PwMS. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using the MEDLINE PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Eligible studies underwent quality assessment using the Robins-E, and a meta-analysis of proportion was performed. The risk of anemia in PwMS versus healthy controls was calculated based on a subset of case-control studies. Reliability and robustness were assessed using leave-one-out analysis. Results: In a pool of 143,879 PwMS across 21 studies, anemia had a pooled prevalence of 12.5% (95% CI [8.1%, 17.7%], Conclusion: The intersection between anemia and MS presents a complex, multifaceted clinical challenge due to several pathophysiological mechanisms and DMT-related interactions. Further structured studies are needed to evaluate the exact underlying mechanisms and the directionality of this relationship.

Indexed as

anemiacomorbiditiesmultiple sclerosisprevalence

Identifiers

PMID42661998
PMCPMC13519306

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.