ArticleInternational ophthalmology2026
Incidence, severity, and predictors of early postoperative dry eye disease following femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK): a short-term, single-center retrospective analysis.
Article in International ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundDry eye disease (DED) is one of the most frequently reported complications following corneal refractive procedures, including femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK). Despite the advanced precision of femtosecond technology, many patients experience postoperative ocular surface disturbances.
objectiveTo assess the incidence, severity, and predictive factors of surgery-induced dry eye in patients undergoing femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis, through a retrospective analysis.
methodsThis retrospective study included 3000 patients who underwent FS-LASIK between January 2020 to December 2024. Postoperative DED was defined by the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI, score ≥ 13) at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months; Schirmer's test was recorded preoperatively and for clinical interpretation only. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression to identify predictors of DED.
resultsPostoperative DED symptoms were reported in 25% of patients at 1 week, peaking at 38% at 1 month, and declining to 15% at 3 months. Most cases were mild to moderate. Female gender (OR: 2.51, p = 0.003) and preoperative DED (OR: 4.79, p < 0.001) were significant independent predictors of postoperative symptoms. Age did not show a significant association. By three months, the symptoms had significantly improved; however, further monitoring is necessary to assess full recovery and long-term results.
conclusionDED is a common but typically transient outcome following FS-LASIK, particularly in female patients and those with preoperative symptoms. Structured preoperative screening, patient counselling, and individualised postoperative care are essential to improving outcomes and minimising patient discomfort. Because follow-up was limited to three months, these findings characterise early postoperative dry eye and do not address long-term persistence.
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