ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Pre-vaccination biomarkers of enteric dysfunction, inflammation and nutritional status associate with seroconversion to oral cholera vaccine and are perturbed during natural infection.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Oral cholera vaccines (OCVs) show variable immunogenicity in endemic settings. Host factors including enteric dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and nutritional status may influence responses, yet their role in shaping OCV immune responses is not fully understood. This study examined associations between pre-vaccination biomarkers spanning these domains and vibriocidal seroconversion to an OCV, while characterizing how the same biomarker profiles are altered during acute natural Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of stored samples from two Zambian cohorts. The primary cohort comprised 225 adults vaccinated with Shanchol™ IN 2021.The comparator cohort included 38 individuals with acute Results: Quartile analysis showed higher seroconversion rates among participants with low to mid-range thyroglobulin levels, while the highest quartile had reduced responses (Inaba Q4: 36.2%; Ogawa Q4: 49.2%). In multivariable LASSO Poisson regression, higher baseline FGF-21 was independently associated with increased Inaba seroconversion (adjusted IRR 1.10, 95% CI 1.04-1.17, p=0.001). Compared with the pre-vaccination baseline, acutely infected individuals exhibited lower ferritin, IGF-1 and RBP4, and higher sTfR, CRP, AGP and FGF-21, together with a restructured inter-biomarker correlation network. Conclusion: Selected pre-vaccination host biomarkers, particularly FGF-21 and thyroglobulin, are associated with OCV seroconversion. The profound multi-domain perturbation observed during acute infection underscores the importance of measuring these markers under stable baseline conditions when studying vaccine immunogenicity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.