Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42666887›Full record

ArticleMaterials today. Bio2026

Microneedle delivery of 3D bioprinted tendon stem/progenitor cells microfiber-derived extracellular vesicles enhances chronic massive rotator cuff tears healing.

Weiping He, Xiaopeng Yin, Shihai Jiang, Yi Zhang, Boxun Liu, Zhifeng Zhang, Woquan Ye, Shurong He, Tao Xu, Chang Liu and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Materials today. Bio, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Weiping HeDongguan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Dongguan, 523000, China.
Xiaopeng YinDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
Shihai JiangDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
Yi ZhangHuaqing Zhimei Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
Boxun LiuHuaqing Zhimei Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
Zhifeng ZhangDongguan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Dongguan, 523000, China.
Woquan YeDongguan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Dongguan, 523000, China.
Shurong HeDongguan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Dongguan, 523000, China.
Tao XuCenter for Bio-intelligent Manufacturing and Living Matter Bioprinting, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
Chang LiuDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
Kun WangDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High retear rates after surgical repair of chronic massive rotator cuff tears (CMRCT) are primarily due to the failure to regenerate native tendon tissue. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from rat tendon stem/progenitor cells (rTSPCs) present substantial potential benefits for the treatment of CMRCT. However, the limited yield and efficacy of rTSPCs-EVs produced through traditional methodologies (2D-cultured) severely restrict their widespread application. In this study, we proposed an innovative strategy integrating 3D bioprinted rTSPCs microfiber-derived EVs production (3D-rTSPCs-EVs) introducing a novel therapeutic approach for CMRCT. In vitro comparison demonstrating that 3D-rTSPCs-EVs are significantly superior to rTSPCs-EVs in promoting tenogenic differentiation and exerting anti-inflammatory effects. Meanwhile, to overcome the issues of rapid clearance and low bioavailability associated with the direct injection of EVs, the Hyaluronic Acid Methacrylate-based microneedle (HAMA-MN) scaffold was designed for the local delivery of 3D-rTSPCs-EVs (3D-rTSPCs-EVs@MN) at the tendon-to-bone junction. Subsequently, in vivo 3D-rTSPCs-EVs@MN facilitated the regeneration of a native, collagen matrix-rich tendon tissue as evidenced by improved histological, radiologic manifestations and biomechanical function. Furthermore, 3D-rTSPCs-EVs suppressed the inflammatory response by regulating macrophage polarization from the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to the pro-healing M2 phenotype. Therefore, our findings suggest that 3D bioprinted rTSPCs-microfiber derived EVs significantly ameliorates scar tissue formation to enhance biomechanical properties of injured rotator cuff, opening new avenues for efficient EVs-based therapies in CMRCT treatment.

Indexed as

3D bioprintingChronic massive rotator cuff tearsExtracellular vesiclesMicroneedlesTendon to bone healing

Identifiers

PMID42666887
PMCPMC13524507

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.