Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42671635›Full record

ArticleInternational ophthalmology2026

Association between arterial stiffness and choroidal vascular in type 2 diabetes: more pronounced in individuals aged 30 to 50 years.

Bingjie Wang, Lingyun Wang, Lin Shi, Shancheng Si, Hanqiao Zhang, Anming Chen, Jing Wang, Yangyang Xu, Jianzhong Xiao, Yuntao Hu

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Bingjie WangDepartment of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Lingyun WangDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Lin ShiDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Shancheng SiEye Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Hanqiao ZhangEye Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Anming ChenEye Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Jing WangEye Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Yangyang XuEye Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Jianzhong XiaoDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Yuntao HuEye Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. ythu@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo investigate the association between systemic arterial stiffness and choroidal vascular parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

methodsThis study includes 177 eyes from 95 patients with T2D underwent clinical assessment and wide-field OCTA imaging (24 × 20 mm, TowardPi BMizar). Vascular density in superficial capillary plexus, choriocapillaris, and Sattler's and Haller's layers, and three-dimensional choroidal parameters, including choroidal vessel volume (CVV), stromal volume (CSV), and choroidal vascularity index (CVI), were acquired based on a 12 × 12 mm fovea-centered grid. Systemic arterial stiffness was assessed using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Associations were analyzed using correlation and regression models, including age-adjusted and age-stratified models.

resultsCVV and CSV showed significant negative correlations with age (p < 0.05) and baPWV (p < 0.05 in all regions except the central-nasal area). These reduction patterns were not observed in two-dimensional vascular parameters. These correlations lost statistical significance after adjusting for age. The age-stratified analysis revealed that baPWV was linear negatively associated with CVV and CSV in patients aged 30-50 years (p < 0.05 in most regions except the superior-temporal area), with maximum coefficients of - 0.14 and - 0.25, respectively.

conclusionsCVV and CSV are associated with systemic arterial stiffness in patients with T2D, particularly among those aged 30-50 years, indicating that choroidal parameters can serve as valuable biomarkers of systemic vascular health.

Indexed as

ChoroidDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic RetinopathyVascular StiffnessAdultAgedAnkle Brachial IndexCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFluorescein AngiographyFundus OculiHumansMaleMiddle AgedPulse Wave AnalysisTomography, Optical CoherenceArterial stiffnessBrachial-ankle pulse wave velocityDiabetic retinopathyMicrovascularType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID42671635

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.