ArticleIranian journal of basic medical sciences2026
Modulation of CCL5 and CXCR4 as EMT signaling biomarkers by cold atmospheric plasma and Anti-PD-1 combination therapy in melanoma: Insights from integrated bioinformatics and
Article in Iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objectives: Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has emerged as a promising non-thermal modality with anticancer effects. Combining CAP with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) may enhance therapeutic efficacy, yet the molecular targets underlying this synergy remain incompletely understood. Materials and Methods: Epithelial--mesenchymal transition (EMT)--associated genes responsive to CAP and Anti-PD-1 therapy were identified by integrating bioinformatics analyses of melanoma transcriptomic data with Results: WGCNA highlighted CCL5 and CXCR4 as hub genes enriched in EMT-related pathways. MTT assays showed that CAP reduced B16F10 cell viability, an effect further enhanced by Anti-PD-1, while sparing L929 fibroblasts. In tumor-bearing mice, combination therapy produced the most pronounced tumor regression and down-regulation of CCL5 and CXCR4 compared with single treatments. Minimal viability or expression changes were observed in normal fibroblasts or untreated controls. Conclusion: CAP and Anti-PD-1 combination therapy effectively suppressed melanoma cell viability and modulated EMT-associated gene expression both
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