Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42688910›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.)2026

Exposure to outdoor ultrafine particle number concentrations and incidence of childhood cancer: A population-based cohort study.

Emmanuelle Batisse, Marshall Lloyd, Eric Lavigne, Seungmi Yang, Arman Ganji, Junshi Xu, Marianne Hatzopoulou, Jill Baumgartner, Scott Weichenthal

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Emmanuelle BatisseDepartment of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0629-3356
Marshall LloydDepartment of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7252-7344
Eric LavigneSchool of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6146-9839
Seungmi YangDepartment of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1189-6821
Arman GanjiDepartment of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Junshi XuDepartment of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2834-2291
Marianne HatzopoulouDepartment of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7069-0137
Jill BaumgartnerDepartment of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8397-6380
Scott WeichenthalDepartment of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9634-5323

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: In urban areas, transportation and industry-related combustion processes release large quantities of outdoor ultrafine particles (UFPs; <0.1 µm). Due to their small size, UFPs can cross biological barriers, including the placenta, and reach vital organs. Exposure during critical windows of development may increase the risk of adverse health outcomes in children, including cancer. Methods: We conducted a cohort study of over 965,000 children born in Canada between 1999 and 2020 whose birthing parent resided in Montreal or Toronto during pregnancy. Vital status and cancer incidence were obtained from the Canadian Vital Statistics Databases and the Canadian Cancer Registry. High-resolution estimates of outdoor UFP number concentrations and UFP size (i.e., mean particle diameter for a given UFP number concentration) were assigned to children's six-digit residential postal codes from annual tax records. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) between outdoor UFP number concentrations and childhood cancer using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for UFP size, sociodemographic factors, and co-pollutants. Results: Children were followed from 0 to 14 years old for a mean of 9.1 years. In total, 1,625 children were diagnosed with cancer. For each 10,000 particles/cm Conclusion: Overall, our findings varied depending on the cancer diagnostic group evaluated. Positive associations observed between outdoor UFPs and ALL and neuroblastoma warrant further research.

Indexed as

Childhood cancerCohort studyUltrafine particles

Identifiers

PMID42688910
PMCPMC13537719

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.