ReviewBioelectronic medicine2026
Accelerating the development of bioelectronic medicine: outcomes and innovations from the NIH SPARC initiative.
Review in Bioelectronic medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The NIH Common Fund's SPARC (Stimulating Peripheral Activity to Relieve Conditions) program was launched in 2015 to catalyze bioelectronic medicine by advancing foundational knowledge of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and enabling clinical translation of novel bioelectronic medicines. While the program officially ended in 2025, activities related to the program are still ongoing through no-cost extensions, data sharing, and derivative efforts. We provide here an overview of the major outcomes of SPARC under its four focus areas: Anatomical and Functional Mapping, Technology Development, Translational Research, and Data/Modeling Infrastructure. In the Anatomical and Functional Mapping focus areas, teams generated cross-species, cross-organ ANS connectivity datasets, detailed nerve anatomy, along with detailed maps and connectivity resources to support query, visualization, and hypothesis-generation. Under the Technology Development focus area, teams developed new tools for recording and stimulating autonomic pathways and built computational pipelines for realistic neuromodulation simulations. Within the Translational Research, teams conducted pre-clinical and clinical proof-of-concept studies and used prize-driven efforts to accelerate clinically ready neuromodulation solutions. Data/Modeling Infrastructure teams built a durable open-science ecosystem enabling FAIR sharing, exploration, and reuse of SPARC datasets, models, and workflows by the broader community. Together, SPARC's integrated approach has lowered barriers to precision neuromodulation research and established reusable resources to sustain the field beyond the program.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.