ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2026
Association between midlife macronutrient intake and late-life hearing loss: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.
Humberto Yévenes-Briones, Casey M Rebholz, Esther Lopez-Garcia, Francisco Felix Caballero, Carlotta M Jarach, Emmanuel E Garcia Morales, Jennifer A Deal, Frank R Lin, Moyses Szklo, Nicholas S Reed and 1 more
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Humberto Yévenes-BrionesDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-3431-7247 Casey M RebholzDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Esther Lopez-GarciaDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-6202-4970 Francisco Felix CaballeroDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-9609-3579 Carlotta M JarachOptimal Aging Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9963-1624 Emmanuel E Garcia MoralesOptimal Aging Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2239-6125 Jennifer A DealCochlear Center for Hearing and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6985-048X Frank R LinCochlear Center for Hearing and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Moyses SzkloDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Nicholas S ReedCochlear Center for Hearing and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Pablo Martinez-AmezcuaCochlear Center for Hearing and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-3076-0946 Funding
THE ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK IN COMMUNITIES (ARIC) STUDY - COORDINATING CENTER - TASK AREA B.2 AND B.375N92022D00001 · NHLBI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI COUPER, DAVID · 2022 to 2025
$13.7MTHE ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK IN COMMUNITIES (ARIC) STUDY - FIELD CENTER - TASK ORDER 01, TASK AREA A75N92022D00003 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI LUTSEY, PAMELA L. · 2022 to 2025
$5.1MTHE ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK IN COMMUNITIES (ARIC) STUDY - FIELD CENTER - TASK ORDER 01, TASK AREA A75N92022D00004 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI MED CTR · PI WINDHAM, BEVERLY GWEN · 2022 to 2025
$4.8MTHE ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK IN COMMUNITIES (ARIC) STUDY - FIELD CENTER - TASK ORDER 01, TASK AREA A75N92022D00002 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ARGANI, PEDRAM · 2022 to 2025
$4.7MEuropean Regional Development Fund/European Social Fund CAS23/00238Instituto de Salud Carlos III, State Secretary of R + D + I of Spain ERDF/ESFNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract nos 75N92022D00001National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract nos 75N92022D00002National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract nos 75N92022D00003National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract nos 75N92022D00004NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92022D00001NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92022D00002NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92022D00003NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92022D00004
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
backgroundThe relationship between hearing loss (HL) and diet is unclear. This study examined the association of midlife macronutrient intake and low-carbohydrate and low-fat diet patterns in relation to hearing function measured later in life.
methodsThis cross-temporal analysis included 2773 adults aged 45-64 years at baseline from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, with follow-up extending for up to 30 years. Midlife dietary macronutrient intake and adherence to low-carbohydrate and low-fat diet patterns were assessed twice using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Hearing function was evaluated at the later-life visit using pure-tone audiometry (0.25-8 kHz) in the better-hearing ear. Linear mixed models, multinomial logistic regression, logistic regression, and restricted cubic splines were conducted after adjusting for the main potential confounders.
resultsParticipants with high total protein intake (quintile 5) exhibited better hearing, particularly at mid and high frequencies, compared to those with lower intake (quintile 1). High protein intake was inversely associated with the odds of experiencing any HL (odds ratio = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47-0.84). The relative risk ratio (RRR) for mild HL was 0.63 (CI 0.46-0.85), and for moderate or greater HL, the RRR was 0.64 (CI 0.44-0.94). In contrast, high total fat intake was linked to worse hearing outcomes; additionally, high adherence to a low-fat diet pattern was inversely associated with HL. No association was found between total carbohydrate intake and hearing.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that high dietary protein intake and adherence to a low-fat diet pattern in midlife are associated with better hearing function later in life.
Indexed as
Diet, Carbohydrate-RestrictedDiet, Fat-RestrictedHearing LossNutrientsAtherosclerosisAudiometry, Pure-ToneAuditory AcuityDietary ProteinsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsUnited StatesDietary ProteinsAtherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC)Hearing lossMacronutrient intake
Identifiers
PMID42693926
PMCPMC13588703
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