Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42695170›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical pharmacology2026

Volumetric Microsampling for Patient-Centric Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Clinical Pharmacology: A Scoping Review.

Hari Prabhath Tummala, Abbie D Leino, Nathaniel J Rhodes, Kevin J Downes, Marc H Scheetz, Manjunath P Pai

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hari Prabhath TummalaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9493-3497
Abbie D LeinoDivision of Translational and Clinical Pharmacology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4310-4697
Nathaniel J RhodesCollege of Pharmacy, Pharmacometrics Center of Excellence, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0018-5434
Kevin J DownesDepartment of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5015-8146
Marc H ScheetzCollege of Pharmacy, Pharmacometrics Center of Excellence, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1091-6130
Manjunath P PaiDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7119-5034

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accurate drug concentration measurement is essential for precision pharmacotherapy, but conventional therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) requires venous sampling, increasing patient burden, and potentially limiting participation in TDM and model-informed precision dosing (MIPD). Volumetric microsampling enables self-collection of small, fixed volume capillary samples for centralized analysis and may reduce hematocrit-related volumetric bias associated with conventional dried blood spots. This scoping review, conducted according to the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, synthesized 67 patient-cohort studies published from 2014 through 2026. Studies spanned at least 18 countries and multiple clinical specialties. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used in 61 studies (91%), and most reported validation using or referencing EMA, FDA, IATDMCT, or CLSI criteria. Recovery was minimally affected across evaluated hematocrit ranges for most analytes, and many analytes remained stable in dried samples, although stability varied by analyte and storage conditions. Where assessed, patient preference was high (80%-100%). However, interpretation against established plasma therapeutic ranges often required whole-blood-to-plasma or capillary-to-venous conversion, with inconsistent derivation and validation methods. Fixed conversion factors performed well for lacosamide and levetiracetam but were less reliable for lamotrigine at high concentrations. Several analyte-matrix combinations, including cefepime, vancomycin, meropenem, paclitaxel, abiraterone, and mitotane, did not consistently meet agreement criteria. Volumetric microsampling can support patient-centered drug monitoring when validated for the specific analyte, matrix, device, and clinical application. Future research should prioritize drug-specific optimization, multicenter validation, standardized conversion reporting, and integration with MIPD platforms.

Indexed as

Blood Specimen CollectionDrug MonitoringDried Blood Spot TestingHumansLiquid Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryPharmacology, ClinicalTandem Mass Spectrometrymodel‐informed precision dosingpatient‐centric pharmacologyquantitative dried blood spottherapeutic drug monitoringvolumetric absorptive microsampling

Identifiers

PMID42695170
PMCPMC13543046

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.