ArticleEBioMedicine2026
Residential early-life air pollution exposure and oculomotor markers of cognitive workload in children: a prospective birth cohort study.
Article in EBioMedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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11 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundGrowing evidence indicates that early brain development is particularly vulnerable to environmental influences, with early-life air pollution exposure linked to attention problems, anxiety, and depression. In this study, we examined associations of early-life air pollution exposure with eye-tracking-derived measures of cognitive workload and emotion-related attentional bias in school-aged children, while also assessing whether recent exposure was associated with these outcomes.
methodsThis prospective cohort study was conducted within the ongoing ENVIRONAGE birth cohort, which has enrolled over 2400 mother-child pairs. The present study included 196 children aged 9-11 years who had reached the eligible age for follow-up and completed eye-tracking paradigms assessing cognitive workload and subconscious attention bias between September 2021 and November 2023. Residential black carbon (BC), nitrogen dioxide (NO
findingsHigher recent residential air pollution exposure was most consistently associated with saccadic outcomes. After correction for multiple testing, an interquartile range (IQR) increase in last-month BC and NO
interpretationUsing objective eye-tracking outcomes within a prospective birth cohort, our findings suggest that residential air pollution exposure is associated with subtle oculomotor differences in school-aged children, particularly patterns consistent with increased cognitive workload. Emotion-related attention-bias findings were exploratory after correction for multiple testing.
fundingSpecial Research Fund (BOF), Flemish Scientific Research Fund (FWO), Methusalem, and Horizon Europe project MISTRAL.
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