ArticleInternational journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature2026
Cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1) associates with all-cause mortality in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.
Article in International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Circulating cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1) improves risk stratification in patients with acute coronary syndrome. We here investigated the association of CCN1 with all-cause mortality in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Methods: Patients with a primary diagnosis of DCM, defined as LVEF <45% and increased LVEDD (LVEDD >117%), were included in a derivation (SFB/TR19 Greifswald) and a validation (IKARUS Marburg) cohort. Exclusion criteria comprised primary valvular diseases, acute myocarditis, active infectious diseases, pulmonary diseases, cancer, chronic alcoholism, and heart failure of other origins. CCN1 levels were determined in serum from study inclusion using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An adjusted multivariable Cox regression model was used to assess the association (hazard ratios) between tertiles of CCN1 concentration and all-cause mortality. Results: In the SFB/TR19 cohort and [IKARUS cohort], respectively a total of 283 [236] predominantly male (78% [75%]) DCM patients with a median age of 56 [51] years with a severely reduced LVEF (31% [30%]), increased LVEDD (67.0 [67.0]), and normal eGFR (90.9 [83.6] ml/min) were analyzed. During a median follow-up of 10.6 [14.9] years, a total of 107 (37%) [100 (42%)] patients died. Patients in the highest CCN1 tertile had a significantly higher mortality risk than those in the lower tertile ( Conclusion: CCN1 is associated with all-cause mortality in DCM patients, warranting further research into the underlying pathophysiology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.