Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42707475›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2026

Applications of extracellular vesicles in tissue regeneration: a narrative review.

Nabin Rokaya, Krishna Prasad Shetty, Vijay Desai, Dinesh Rokaya

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Nabin RokayaDepartment of Dermatology, Kathmandu Clinic of Cosmetic Surgery (KCCS), Kathmandu, Nepal.
Krishna Prasad ShettyClinical Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Vijay DesaiClinical Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Dinesh RokayaClinical Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale, membrane-bound particles released by most cell types and play essential roles in intercellular communication. By transporting proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, they regulate inflammation, angiogenesis, immune responses, and tissue regeneration. Their biocompatibility and ability to deliver targeted molecular cargo make them promising diagnostic and therapeutic tools. In dentistry, EVs support periodontal repair, dentin-pulp regeneration, bone healing, and implant integration. They are also valuable as salivary biomarkers for oral and systemic diseases. Beyond dentistry, EVs are being explored in oncology, cardiovascular repair, neurology, and regenerative medicine as versatile cell-free therapeutic platforms. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biology, biogenesis, physiological functions, and mechanisms of action of extracellular vesicles, with a particular focus on their emerging applications in tissue regeneration. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases for studies published between 2010 and 2025. Original research articles, review papers, and relevant book chapters published in English were included. EVs have emerged as powerful cell-free mediators of regeneration, capable of orchestrating osteogenesis, angiogenesis, immunomodulation, and tissue repair across maxillofacial structures. Their diverse cargo of miRNAs, proteins, and growth factors enables precise modulation of cellular signaling pathways essential for healing. Current evidence highlights their promising applications in periodontal, pulp-dentin, and craniofacial bone regeneration, as well as their diagnostic value through salivary biomarkers. Continued advancements in EVs standardization, large-scale production, and clinical translation will be critical for integrating EVs-based therapies into future regenerative dentistry and maxillofacial medicine.

Indexed as

dentistryexosomesextracellular vesiclesmedicineregeneration

Identifiers

PMID42707475
PMCPMC13548188

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.