ArticleEndocrine2026
Cluster-derived immunometabolic profiles: association with glycemic dysregulation in elderly postmenopausal women.
Article in Endocrine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo identify variations in immunometabolic profiles in elderly postmenopausal women using a data-driven clustering approach and to examine differences in insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and glycemic control (HbA1c) across the derived profiles.
methodsThis cross-sectional study included 132 women with a mean age of 70.8 years. Unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis (Ward.D2 method, squared Euclidean distance) was performed using twelve variables spanning demographic, hemodynamic, metabolic, inflammatory, and vitamin D-related domains. HbA1c and HOMA-IR were compared across clusters; HOMA-IR was not fully independent of cluster derivation because fasting glucose contributes to its calculation. Between-cluster differences were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis tests or one-way ANOVA. DSCF post-hoc tests and epsilon-squared (ε²) effect sizes were used for non-parametric comparisons.
resultsThree cluster-derived profiles were identified (Cluster 1, n = 25; Cluster 2, n = 50; Cluster 3, n = 57). Cluster 1 was characterized by lower IL-10 levels and a less favorable lipid profile, while blood pressure was similarly elevated in Clusters 1 and 2 relative to Cluster 3. Cluster 2 showed an overall intermediate profile, with the lowest vitamin D concentration as its most distinctive feature. Cluster 3 exhibited lower blood pressure, higher IL-10 levels, and a more favorable lipid profile. When examining these additional glycemic measures, HbA1c showed a graded increase across clusters (p < 0.05 for all pairwise comparisons), whereas HOMA-IR differed between Cluster 3 and Clusters 1 and 2 but did not differ significantly between Clusters 1 and 2.
conclusionThe differentiation of elderly postmenopausal women into three data-driven immunometabolic profiles illustrated substantial heterogeneity. These findings suggest that HbA1c may provide complementary information to fasting-based indices when characterizing immunometabolic heterogeneity in elderly postmenopausal women.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.