ArticleBMC microbiology2026
Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic profiling reveals alteration of oxidative phosphorylation in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-mediated inhibition of Candida albicans biofilm formation.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCandida albicans biofilms are highly tolerant to conventional antifungals, posing a major clinical challenge. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), exhibit antibiofilm activity, but their mechanisms remain incompletely understood.
methodsIntegrated transcriptomic and proteomic approaches were used to investigate the antibiofilm activity of DHA and EPA against C. albicans ATCC 90028. Biofilm inhibition was assessed by crystal violet staining and XTT reduction assays. Biofilm cells treated with 1 mM DHA or EPA (sub-MIC, both MICs > 1 mM) were subjected to RNA‑seq and DIA proteomics. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and proteins (DEPs) were identified, and integrated KEGG pathway analysis was conducted.
resultsBoth DHA and EPA inhibited biofilm formation at 1 mM without affecting planktonic growth. DHA altered 1787 transcripts (750 up, 1037 down) and 554 proteins (170 up, 384 down). EPA altered 905 transcripts (446 up, 459 down) and 259 proteins (104 up, 155 down). DHA suppressed ribosome biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation at both mRNA and protein levels. In contrast, EPA transcriptionally down-regulated DNA replication genes while affecting oxidative phosphorylation predominantly via post-transcriptional mechanisms. Integrated analysis identified oxidative phosphorylation and central carbon metabolism as core convergent targets, with DHA showing more extensive metabolic disruption than EPA.
conclusionDHA and EPA suppress C. albicans biofilms through distinct regulatory modes that converge on pathways linked to mitochondrial energy metabolism. These findings provide a molecular framework for omega-3 PUFA-based antibiofilm strategies and underscore the value of multi-omics integration in generating insights into complex drug mechanisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.