Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42739006›Full record

ReviewNutrients2026

Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk: The Beneficial Role of Specific Nutritional Approaches.

Claudia Giglione, Reham Hattab, Hygerta Berisha, Paolo Magni

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Claudia GiglioneDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Universita' degli Studi di Milano, via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy.ORCID 0009-0007-2836-6185
Reham HattabDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Universita' degli Studi di Milano, via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy.ORCID 0009-0000-5202-9153
Hygerta BerishaDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Universita' degli Studi di Milano, via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy.ORCID 0009-0008-5096-8411
Paolo MagniDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Universita' degli Studi di Milano, via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2254-8881

Funding

European Union AtheroNET COST Action CA21153; HORIZON-MSCA-2021-SE-01-01-MSCA Staff Exchanges 2021 CardioSCOPE 101086397Italian Space Agency ASI; N. 2023-7-HH. 0 CUP F13C23000050005 MicroFunExpo
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Healthy nutrition is pivotal for the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In addition to traditional risk factors, other components, like low-grade chronic inflammation, play a pathogenetic role in ASCVD. Research efforts aim to identify low-grade chronic inflammation in patients with established ASCVD and in subjects with low ASCVD risk, and to validate effective nutritional strategies. Here, current nutritional approaches to counteract low-grade chronic inflammation related to ASCVD and possibly mitigated ASCVD risk are discussed, along with related molecular pathways and clinical biomarkers. Low-grade chronic inflammation results from a pro-inflammatory response promoted by large multiprotein complexes (inflammasomes). Within the ASCVD context, the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is the most characterized protein complex, whose activation leads to increased release of downstream effectors (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, IL-6). In the current clinical practice, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is used as a circulating biomarker for systemic inflammation, although it is not univocally associated with ASCVD. Some nutritional strategies have been shown effective to mitigate low-grade chronic inflammation and to reduce hsCRP, reducing in some cases ASCVD risk. The Mediterranean Diet and related trials showed that their beneficial effects on cardiovascular disorders could also be related to the anti-inflammatory properties of specific active compounds. Contradictory results have also been obtained, due to lack of standardization and to the specific nature of nutritional studies, which often rely on adherence and compliance of participants. Given the relevance of low-grade chronic inflammation for ASCVD risk, future work will need to increase awareness, identify and validate novel biomarkers, and implement novel effective nutrition strategies.

Indexed as

AtherosclerosisDiet, HealthyInflammationBiomarkersCardiovascular DiseasesChronic DiseaseC-Reactive ProteinDiet, MediterraneanHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansInflammasomesNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinRisk FactorsBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinInflammasomesNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinNLRP3 protein, humanatherosclerosiscardiovascular diseasefood supplementhigh-sensitivity C-reactive proteinlow-grade chronic inflammationnutraceutical productnutrition

Identifiers

PMID42739006
PMCPMC13567077

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.