ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2026
Lipoprotein(a) in Personalized Cardiovascular Prevention: Risk Stratification, Coronary Artery Calcium, and Emerging Lp(a)-Lowering Therapies.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an independent and causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS), with plasma levels largely genetically determined and minimally influenced by lifestyle. Contemporary dyslipidemia guidelines now recommend at least one lifetime measurement and increasingly incorporate Lp(a) into personalized cardiovascular risk evaluation. Recent guideline updates integrate traditional risk estimation with risk-enhancing factors and coronary artery calcium (CAC) imaging. The 2026 U.S. multi-society guideline classifies Lp(a) ≥ 125 nmol/L as a risk-enhancing factor and ≥250 nmol/L as a major risk enhancer. The PREVENT equations provide baseline risk estimation, personalized by Lp(a) and refined through CAC-based reclassification when treatment decisions remain uncertain. Despite its established role in risk assessment, current management remains indirect and emphasizes aggressive control of modifiable risk factors, particularly low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Emerging Lp(a)-targeted therapies, including antisense oligonucleotides, small interfering RNA agents, and oral small-molecule inhibitors, have shown substantial and sustained reductions in Lp(a) levels, although definitive evidence of cardiovascular benefit is still pending. This review provides a practical, evidence-based synthesis of Lp(a) biology, contemporary guideline recommendations, integrated risk stratification using PREVENT and CAC, current management, and emerging Lp(a)-targeted therapies for use across primary care and cardiology practice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.