ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Proteomic identification and histopathological validation of candidate biomarkers CA1, HBB, Torsin A, and
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Gingivo-buccal oral squamous cell carcinoma (GB-OSCC) represents one of the most prevalent tobacco-associated malignancies in India and is frequently diagnosed at advanced stages with poor clinical outcomes. Despite the high disease burden, validated specific biomarkers for gingivo-buccal cancers remain limited. The current study aimed to identify and validate protein biomarkers associated with disease progression and aggressive pathological features in GB-OSCC using an integrated proteomic and immunohistochemical (IHC) approach. Methods: Proteomic discovery analysis was performed on pooled fresh-frozen tumor tissues obtained from 40 histologically confirmed GB-OSCC patients categorized into four groups based on clinical stage and treatment outcome: early-stage no evidence of disease (NED), early-stage failure, advanced-stage NED, and advanced-stage failure ( Results: Proteomic analysis identified 37 differentially upregulated proteins associated with tumor progression, cytoskeletal remodeling, metabolic regulation, and angiogenesis. STRING network analysis demonstrated enrichment of proteins involved in glycolysis, apoptosis signaling, keratinization, and cellular regulatory pathways. IHC validation revealed progressive overexpression of CA1, HBB, Torsin A, and Conclusion: This study identifies and validates a subsite-specific protein biomarker panel for gingivo-buccal OSCC in an Indian cohort. The combined overexpression of CA1, HBB, Torsin A, and
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