Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42750672›Full record

ArticleiScience2026

Memory B cell response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in people with heart and lung transplantation: Identification of associated clinical factors.

Chiara Coppola, Simone Costagli, Giorgio Montesi, Simone Lucchesi, Jacopo Polvere, Arianna Lippi, Fabio Pierguidi, Francesca Montagnani, Massimiliano Fabbiani, Sonia Bernazzali and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Chiara CoppolaLaboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Simone CostagliLaboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Giorgio MontesiLaboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Simone LucchesiLaboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Jacopo PolvereLaboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Arianna LippiDepartment of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Fabio PierguidiDepartment of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Francesca MontagnaniDepartment of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Massimiliano FabbianiDepartment of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Sonia BernazzaliDepartment of Cardiac Surgery, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
David BennettRespiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Donata MedagliniLaboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Annalisa CiabattiniLaboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Solid organ transplant recipients (SOT) have shown impaired immune responses to infection and vaccination. Here, serological data collected in heart and lung transplant recipients after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed using dimensionality reduction, clustering algorithms and statistical methods to define factors associated with immune responsiveness. Transplanted organ type, bivalent Omicron-adapted vaccine administration, and immunosuppressive regimen were associated with distinct serological profiles. These factors were associated with significant differences in the RBD-specific memory B cell (MBC) responses. Indeed, a lower frequency of MBC recognizing both wild-type and Omicron BA.2 RBD was detected in lung versus heart transplant recipients. Administration of the bivalent Omicron-adapted fifth dose was associated with the modulation of RBD-specific MBC phenotypes, and the mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) treatment was associated with significantly lower humoral and MBC responses in heart transplant recipients. This work identifies factors associated with vaccine-induced immune responses in SOT recipients, useful to inform tailored vaccination strategies.

Indexed as

clustering analysismemory B cell profilingomicron-adapted vaccinesSARS-CoV-2 vaccinationsolid organ transplant recipients

Identifiers

PMID42750672
PMCPMC13577873

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.