ArticleFrontiers in neuroscience2026
20 Hz tACS engages striatal THINs to enhance β-band synchrony and motor drive.
Article in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique that can enhance motor function. The striatum is a central hub for motor control and β-band oscillations, and its tyrosine hydroxylase-positive interneurons (THINs) are modulated by dopamine. However, whether THINs are associated with motor changes following tACS through β-band synchrony has not been investigated. Methods: Eighteen-month-old male mice received 20 Hz tACS or sham stimulation over M1 for 7 days under sevoflurane anesthesia. Motor performance, EEG, striatal dopamine release, and THIN activation were assessed at 3 min after awakening on day 7. THINs were optogenetically manipulated during the reaching task under the same post-anesthesia testing window. Results: Transcranial alternating current stimulation was associated with higher post-anesthesia reaching success, increased β-band power, elevated dopamine release, and enhanced THIN activation compared to sham. Optogenetic THIN activation recapitulated motor improvement and β-band enhancement. Optogenetic THIN inhibition reduced successful attempts per minute and β-band power, but no statistically significant reduction in success rate was detected. Conclusion: These findings suggest that 20 Hz tACS over M1 may improve post-anesthesia motor performance in aged mice, with converging evidence implicating striatal dopamine release, THIN engagement, and β-band synchrony as functionally coupled elements in the context of post-anesthesia motor recovery in aged mice.
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