Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42761561›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2026

Operational tactical uniforms promote body schema underestimation and musculoskeletal discomfort in Brazilian male special operations police officers.

Roberta L Rica, Eliane F Gama, Geanderson S Oliveira, Matheus F de Deus, Michell V Viana, Pedro F C Fortes Junior, Valentina Bullo, Marco Bergamin, Stefano Gobbo, Danilo S Bocalini

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Roberta L RicaDepartment of Physical Education, Estácio de Sá University Center, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Eliane F GamaDepartment of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Geanderson S OliveiraExperimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Matheus F de DeusDepartment of Physical Education, Estácio de Sá University Center, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Michell V VianaDepartment of Physical Education, Estácio de Sá University Center, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Pedro F C Fortes JuniorExperimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Valentina BulloDepartment of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Marco BergaminDepartment of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Stefano GobboDepartment of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Danilo S BocaliniExperimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Tactical police officers are routinely exposed to high occupational demands and external load carriage resulting from operational uniforms and personal protective equipment (PPE). Although PPE is essential for operational safety, its effects on body schema perception and musculoskeletal discomfort remain poorly understood in elite police populations. Objective: To investigate the effects of operational uniforms and PPE on body schema perception and musculoskeletal discomfort in special operations police officers. Methods: Fifteen police officers were evaluated under two experimental conditions, physical training uniform (PTU) and operational uniform with PPE (OU). Musculoskeletal discomfort was assessed using the Corlett and Manenica Body Map, while body schema perception was evaluated using the Image Marking Procedure and Body Perception Index (BPI). Results: military officers age was 37.57 ± 6.08 years, time service of 13.33 ± 5.99 years and elevated body mass index 28.49 ± 3.60 kg/m Conclusion: Operational uniforms and PPE promoted increased musculoskeletal discomfort and altered body schema perception in tactical police officers, potentially affecting occupational safety and operational performance.

Indexed as

Body ImageMusculoskeletal PainOccupational DiseasesPersonal Protective EquipmentPoliceAdultBrazilHumansMaleMiddle Agedbody perceptionergonomicsmusculoskeletal disorderspersonal protective equipmentpolice officers

Identifiers

PMID42761561
PMCPMC13587791

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.