Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42763508›Full record

ArticleLancet regional health. Americas2026

A systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis to determine the effect of primaquine dose on efficacy, tolerability and safety in uncomplicated

Kathy Nguyen, Anielle de Pina-Costa, Megha Rajasekhar, Nathália N Chamma-Siqueira, André Daher, Marcelo U Ferreira, Margarete do Socorro M Gomes, Lilia Gonzalez-Ceron, Justin A Green, Gavin C K W Koh and 16 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Lancet regional health. Americas, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors.

Kathy NguyenGlobal and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
Anielle de Pina-CostaInstituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Megha RajasekharCentre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Nathália N Chamma-SiqueiraLaboratório de Malária, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, Ananindeua, Pará State, Brazil.
André DaherFiocruz Clinical Research Platform, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Marcelo U FerreiraDepartment of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Margarete do Socorro M GomesGlobal Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Lilia Gonzalez-CeronRegional Centre for Public Health Research, National Institute for Public Health, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
Justin A GreenGARDP, Geneva, Switzerland.
Gavin C K W KohDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK.
Simone Ladeia-AndradeLaboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Alejandro Llanos-CuentasUnit of Leishmaniasis and Malaria, Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Alexander von Humboldt", Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru.
Wuelton Marcelo MonteiroFundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil.
Suaine C NegreirosSecretaria de Saúde do Estado do Acre, Cruzeiro do Sul, Brazil.
Alexandre Macedo de OliveiraMalaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.
Dhelio B PereiraCentro de Pesquisa em Medicina Tropical de Rondônia (CEPEM), Porto Velho, Brazil.
Giselle M R VianaLaboratório de Malária, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, Ananindeua, Pará State, Brazil.
José Luiz F VieiraFederal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA), Belém, Brazil.
Lina M Zuluaga-IdarragaGrupo Malaria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
Hyaa Hoseen M AlatawiCentre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Philippe J GuerinWorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN), Asia-Pacific Regional Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
Julie A SimpsonCentre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Marcus Vg LacerdaFundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil.
Ric N PriceGlobal and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
André M SiqueiraInstituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Robert J CommonsGlobal and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.

Funding

Sugar-feeding behavior of the malaria vector Nyssorhynchus darlingi and development of effective attractive toxic sugar baits (ATSB) to increase intervention success in PeruU19AI089681 · NIAID · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI GAZZINELLI, RICARDO TOSTES · 2010 to 2023
$20.1M
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation INV-024389NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI089681
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Primaquine is widely used to prevent relapses of Methods: MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Central were systematically searched for prospective clinical efficacy studies of patients with uncomplicated Findings: Of 40 eligible studies, 1734 patients from 13 studies were included. The cumulative incidence of recurrence 150 days after the last dose of primaquine was 68.2% (95% CI 59.5-76.6) in 119 patients not treated with primaquine, 30.8% (27.0-35.0) in 1000 patients treated with low total dose (2 to <5 mg/kg) primaquine, and 8.7% (5.6-13.2) in 286 patients treated with high total dose (≥5 mg/kg) primaquine. The rate of recurrence within 150 days was lower in patients treated with high compared to low total dose primaquine (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 0.36, 95% CI 0.21-0.62; p < 0.0001). Gastrointestinal disturbance was reported in 1.1% (1/94) of patients administered a low daily primaquine dose (<0.375 mg/kg/day) and 2.6% (4/152) administered an intermediate daily dose (0.375 to <0.75 mg/kg/day). None of 501 patients with ≥30% G6PD activity had an acute haemoglobin drop by >25% to <7 g/dL within 14 days of starting primaquine, although only 7 patients received high daily dose primaquine (≥0.75 mg/kg/day). Interpretation: Patients treated with high total dose primaquine had less than half the risk of Funding: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and Royal Australasian College of Physicians.

Indexed as

Latin AmericaMalariaPlasmodium vivaxPrimaquineRecurrence

Identifiers

PMID42763508
PMCPMC13589060

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.