ArticleNature communications2026
A case study of evolutionary variability and determinism among type III polyketide synthases.
Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Repeated evolution of the same enzymatic activity represents a powerful model of determinism across diverse lineages, yet its underlying evolutionary trajectories remain poorly understood. Here we identified three 3-oxo-glutaric acid (OGA)-forming type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) from Brassicaceae plants through in vitro enzyme assays. Structure-function analysis combined with comparative genomics indicates a strong correlation between OGA- and triacetic acid lactone (TAL)-forming activities during the evolution of these PKSs. An evolutionary change in a key active-site residue enables a functional switch from TAL-forming activity to OGA-forming activity. Intriguingly, further chalcone synthase activity assays and expanded exploration of PKSs from additional plant lineages suggest that OGA-forming PKSs may have evolved repeatedly from the intrinsic TAL-forming activity of chalcone synthases in a lineage-specific manner. This evolutionary feature may help explain the recurrent emergence of OGA-forming PKSs in vascular plants and provide insight into the trajectories underlying the independent evolution of homologous isoenzymes in plants.
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