ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2026
Risk factors for drug-related cachexia: an analysis based on the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) from 2004 to 2025.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Cachexia is a devastating metabolic syndrome that has a profound impact on survival rate and quality of life. Currently, there is still a scarcity of systematic evidence regarding drug-induced cachexia. This study aims to identify drugs associated with cachexia through the first large-scale pharmacovigilance analysis, and to characterize their risk features using real-world data. Methods: Data from the U.S. FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from January 2004 and March 2025 were analyzed. Reports listing cachexia as an adverse event were extracted. Disproportionality analysis was performed on the top 50 most frequently reported drugs using reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio, Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network, and Multi-item Gamma Poisson Shrinker. A drug was considered a positive signal only if it met the threshold across all four methods. The Weibull shape parameter test was used to analyze the time-to-onset (TTO) profile. Results: Among 4,878 individual case safety reports of drug-related cachexia, the mortality rate was 25.6%. Disproportionality analysis identified 25 drugs with consistent positive signals across all four algorithms. These drugs spanned nine categories, with antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents being the most common. The drugs with stronger signals were low calcium peritoneal dialysis solution lactate G15 (ROR 495.67, 95% CI 336.94-729.18), Kaletra (ROR 10.44, 95% CI 7.98-13.65), and nivolumab (ROR 15.29, 95% CI 13.65-17.13). The drugs with a higher number of reported cases were nivolumab (319 cases), paclitaxel (160 cases), and Zometa (131 cases). The median TTO was 31 days, and more than half of cases occurred within the first 120 days, presenting an "early failure" pattern. Conclusion: This study identified 25 drug safety warning signals that are significantly associated with the occurrence of cachexia. Cachexia is more likely to occur in the initial stage of drug treatment and has a high mortality rate. Continuous regulatory review and label updates of the safety information of relevant medications should be promoted.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.