Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42774451›Full record

ReviewPhotoacoustics2026

Photoacoustic and ultrasound Imaging of placental functions in gestational diabetes: From diagnosis to precision interventions.

Yingru Liu, Yufei Wu, Xinmei Gao, Qikun Zhang, Xuanyu Jin, Zhengman Lin, Xinyi Yang, Rui Zheng, Lijia Du, Xiuming Zhang and 5 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Photoacoustics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Yingru LiuDepartment of Obstetric, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Yufei WuSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Xinmei GaoSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Qikun ZhangSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Xuanyu JinSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Zhengman LinSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Xinyi YangDepartment of Obstetric, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Rui ZhengDepartment of Obstetric, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Lijia DuDepartment of Obstetric, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Xiuming ZhangSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Shiyang ChangDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Qiangzhou RongKey Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
Lixian WangDepartment of Obstetric and Gynecologic Ultrasound, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Chulhong KimDepartments of Convergence IT Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Science and Engineering, POSTECH, CATHOLIC Biomedical Engineering Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
Zhifen YangDepartment of Obstetric, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is rising, with adverse maternal-fetal outcomes. Exercise is first-line therapy, but current evaluations rely on glycemic and anthropometric metrics, missing dynamic maternal-placental-fetal adaptations. This review synthesizes imaging evidence on high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance training (RT) in GDM. Multimodal imaging-photoacoustic imaging, Doppler ultrasound, and power Doppler-provides quantitative information on placental hemodynamics, vascularization, and fetal adaptation. HIIT may improve vascular function, while RT may induce structural remodeling, though GDM-specific evidence is limited. Photoacoustic imaging provides spatially resolved tissue oxygenation estimates, complementing ultrasound-based placental assessment. We propose imaging endpoints as key secondary outcomes in GDM trials. Hybrid photoacoustic and ultrasound (PA/US) imaging may integrate hemodynamic and oxygenation information. Coupled with continuous glucose monitoring, this framework may support comprehensive efficacy evaluation and individualized exercise prescription, highlighting that improved glycemic control does not necessarily reflect enhanced placental function.

Indexed as

Exercise interventionGestational diabetes mellitusMultimodal imagingPhotoacoustic imagingPlacental functionUltrasound imaging

Identifiers

PMID42774451
PMCPMC13594543

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.