ArticleNature biomedical engineering2026
Ultra-slow release of hydrophilic drugs via multilamellar-multivesicular liposomes formed by unsaturated phospholipids.
Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Maintaining therapeutic drug concentrations at a target site while limiting systemic exposure is difficult for hydrophilic drugs, which rapidly diffuse from the injection site. Liposomes are widely used carriers, yet designs based on rigid, saturated phospholipids aim to reduce membrane permeability but often yield modest loading and substantial burst release. Here we compared liposomes composed of phospholipids of identical chain length but varying unsaturation, prepared under matched conditions. Contrary to the expectation that unsaturation accelerates release, liposomes based on 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) showed approximately 3-fold higher loading, 11-fold lower initial release and 4-fold lower release at 7 days than saturated analogues. These effects correlated with the emergence of multilamellar and multivesicular structures and extended across diverse hydrophilic drugs. In a rat sciatic nerve block model, tetrodotoxin-loaded liposomes produced 2-3 weeks of blockade without systemic toxicity, establishing a simple platform for sustained local delivery.
Identifiers
42778689What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.