ArticleBMC palliative care2026
Predictive effect of symptom burden and spiritual well-being on patient empowerment in palliative care patients: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC palliative care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPatient empowerment is central to high-quality palliative care, yet the factors influencing a patient's sense of control remain poorly understood. While clinical practice often focuses on physical symptoms, the impact of spiritual well-being and prior illness experience on empowerment requires further exploration. This study examined how symptom burden and spiritual well-being relate to patient empowerment in individuals receiving palliative care.
methodsA descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational design was employed. The study included 140 patients followed in a palliative care unit of a public hospital in Turkiye. Data were collected using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale-Revised, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being Scale, and the Patient Empowerment Scale. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis.
resultsThe mean total symptom burden score was 50.95 ± 11.41, with pain, fatigue, anxiety, and depression being the most severe symptoms. Despite high symptom intensity, patients maintained moderate levels of spiritual well-being (24.25 ± 4.93) and empowerment (3.05 ± 0.48). Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between spiritual well-being and empowerment (r = 0.520, p < 0.01). Regression analysis showed that the model explained 42.8% of the total variance in patient empowerment. Spiritual well-being (β = 0.484, p < 0.001) and the presence of other chronic diseases (β = 0.372, p < 0.001) were identified as the strongest significant predictors of empowerment, whereas symptom burden did not have a significant predictive effect (p > 0.05).
conclusionSpiritual resources are significantly associated with patient empowerment, even in the presence of a high symptom load. Nursing care can be enhanced by complementing physical symptom management with a holistic approach that incorporates spiritual support and acknowledges the experiential expertise of patients.
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