ArticleApplied microbiology and biotechnology2026
Graphene Oxide and Methylglyoxal: a combined strategy against chronic wound pathogens.
Article in Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic wound infections are difficult to treat due to the polymicrobial biofilms that delay wound healing increasing antimicrobial tolerance and limiting patient compliance. To address this challenge, we developed a non-antibiotic combination of Graphene Oxide (GO) and Methylglyoxal (MGO) (patent N. 102022000024408-Composizione per il trattamento delle infezioni a carico delle lesioni cutanee) against clinically relevant chronic wound pathogens. For the tests, clinical antimicrobial resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used. MGO MIC was determined and the best GO + MGO combination, evaluated by using checkboard test, was tested in terms of: i) fluid membrane changes; ii) S. aureus and P. aeruginosa CFUs/mg reduction in Lubbock Chronic Wound Biofilm-LCWB, a recognized polymicrobial in vitro chronic wound biofilm model; iii) P. aeruginosa motility. MGO MIC values ranged from 32 to 128 mg/l. Notably, synergistic interactions between GO and MGO were observed exclusively against S. aureus, whereas the combinations showed additive effects against P. aeruginosa. The best GO + MGO (6.25 + 64 mg/l) combination increased bacterial membrane fluidity, inhibited informing and mature LCWBs by 60-80% in terms of CFU/mg and P. aeruginosa twitching motility. GO + MGO combination exhibited an additive antimicrobial/antibiofilm activity with a multi-target action. Overall, the GO + MGO combination, at recognized non-toxic concentrations, is a valid and innovative non-antibiotic solution for wound management affecting the polymicrobial chronic wound biofilms and P. aeruginosa motility.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.