ReviewBiology2026
Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Psychobiotics and Its Impact on the Gut Microbiota-Brain Axis: A Systematic Review.
Review in Biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe gut microbiota-brain axis is a highly integrated bidirectional communication network operating through neural, neuroendocrine, immune, and metabolic pathways that maintain central nervous system homeostasis and has emerged as a promising complementary therapeutic target for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.
objectiveThe objective of this study is to systematically evaluate the effects of prebiotics, probiotics, and psychobiotics on gut-brain communication and neurological and behavioral outcomes, including neuroinflammatory markers, HPA-axis parameters, and microbial metabolites.
methodsA systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar from 2020 up to March 2026 identified 81 eligible studies (48 preclinical studies, 27 randomized controlled trials, and 6 quasi-experimental clinical studies) from 7358 records. Primary outcomes were systematically categorized into four domains: (1) cognitive performance and social/adaptive behavior; (2) neuroinflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) and barrier integrity; (3) HPA-axis parameters (cortisol/corticosterone); and (4) neuroactive microbial metabolites (short-chain fatty acids and tryptophan derivatives). Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed independently by two reviewers using the SYRCLE tool for preclinical studies and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools for randomized and quasi-experimental clinical trials, with summary visualizations generated using the robvis web application (version 0.3.0).
resultsNeurodegenerative diseases (
conclusionsMicrobiota-targeted interventions show promise as complementary strategies for neurological disorders; however, substantial methodological heterogeneity, unstandardized dosing, and the absence of quantitative meta-analysis preclude definitive clinical recommendations. Successful translation will require harmonized protocols, strain-specific functional characterization, and precision microbiota-based trials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.