Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42794458›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Gut, Oral, and Fungal Microbiota in Hypertension: A Multi-Compartment Systematic Review.

Francesco Carini, Alessandra Sorce, Maria Elena Ciuppa, Sabrina David, Marco Giammanco, Paola Di Carlo, Salvatore Evola, Giovanni Tomasello, Giuseppe Mulè, Caterina Carollo

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Francesco CariniDepartment of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Alessandra SorceDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal and Specialistic Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Maria Elena CiuppaDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal and Specialistic Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.ORCID 0009-0007-8245-9219
Sabrina DavidDepartment of Precision Medicine in the Medical, Surgical, and Intensive Care Fields, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Marco GiammancoDepartment of Precision Medicine in the Medical, Surgical, and Intensive Care Fields, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9853-6329
Paola Di CarloDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal and Specialistic Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4418-5855
Salvatore EvolaCatheterization Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "P. Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Giovanni TomaselloDepartment of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3071-822X
Giuseppe MulèDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal and Specialistic Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8500-8671
Caterina CarolloDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal and Specialistic Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6767-8823

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The gut microbiota is an established modulator of blood pressure, but the oral bacteriome and the fungal mycobiome have been examined largely in isolation from it and from each other. No previous synthesis has evaluated all three compartments within one analytical framework, or treated sex and ethnicity as primary analytical axes rather than adjustment covariates. Systematic review reported according to PRISMA 2020 and, for the synthesis, the SWiM guideline. PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from inception to 30 June 2026. Observational human studies in adults reporting gut, oral, or fungal microbiota data stratified by blood pressure status were eligible, together with Mendelian randomisation studies and studies with a nested experimental causal component. Two reviewers screened and extracted independently, with a third resolving disagreement. Risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and certainty of evidence with GRADE adapted for exposure-outcome questions. Increased abundance of the

Indexed as

FungiGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHypertensionMouthMycobiomeHumansblood pressuregut microbiomehypertensionmycobiomeNeisseria subflavanitric oxideoral microbiomeRuminococcus gnavusSWiMsystematic review

Identifiers

PMID42794458
PMCPMC13607618

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.