Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42797792›Full record

ArticleViruses2026

A New HiPlex Amplicon Sequencing Approach for the Detection of Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Virus 3 and Grapevine Red Blotch Virus in Grapevines.

Raied Abou Kubaa, Kristian A Stevens, Teresa M Erickson, Maher Al Rwahnih

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Raied Abou KubaaFoundation Plant Services, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5611-745X
Kristian A StevensDepartment of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.ORCID 0009-0006-8779-1774
Teresa M EricksonFoundation Plant Services, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Maher Al RwahnihFoundation Plant Services, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1589-9234

Funding

CDFA Pierce's Disease and Glassy-winged Sharpshooter Board 24-0326-000-SA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV3) and grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) are two major pathogens associated with significant economic losses, requiring reliable and sensitive diagnostic tools for rapid identification. Current RT-qPCR and qPCR assays are widely used in certification programs; however, the risk of false-negative results due to the genetic diversity of plant viruses is always a concern. Here, we present a new targeted HiPlex assay designed for the detection of GLRaV3 and GRBV. A custom primer panel containing 98 oligonucleotides targeting GLRaV3 and 14 targeting GRBV was evaluated across 45 different grapevine accessions. HiPlex diagnostic performance metrics were evaluated up to the 1:1000 dilution level. The HiPlex assay detected both viruses in 30 ng of total nucleic acids (TNA) and at 1:10 and 1:100 dilutions, exhibiting a strong inverse correlation between read counts and Ct values. Analysis of reads from qPCR-negative samples allowed the determination of a positivity cutoff of 5000 reads, which provided high specificity while maintaining sensitivity. The results presented here support the application of HiPlex amplicon sequencing for the detection of GLRaV3 and GRBV and provides a foundation for future expansion of the primer panel to additional grapevine viruses. To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating multiplex PCR-based amplicon sequencing specifically for grapevine virus diagnostics.

Indexed as

ClosteroviridaeMultiplex Polymerase Chain ReactionPlant DiseasesVitisDNA PrimersHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionSensitivity and SpecificityDNA PrimersGLRaV3grapevine virusesGRBVhigh-throughput sequencing (HTS)HiPlex PCRvirus diagnostics

Identifiers

PMID42797792
PMCPMC13611930

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.