ArticleNature communications2026
Risk factors for major depressive disorder among adults recruited from hospital settings in Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia and South Africa.
Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) significantly contributes to the mental health burden in Africa, requiring insights into prevalence and risk factors to inform culturally responsive care. This study assessed current and lifetime MDD prevalence and associated factors among 7,073 adults from hospital settings in Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia, and South Africa within the NeuroGAP-Psychosis study. Prevalence was 0.9% for current MDD and 5.1% for lifetime MDD, substantially lower than prior estimates from the region. Lower rates may be due to the population studied or cultural variations in expression of symptoms. Multilevel logistic regression identified significant associations between current MDD and negative life events, alcohol use, and Kessler psychological distress scores, while lifetime MDD was linked to age, female sex, chronic pain, frequent headaches, and positive psychosis screening. These findings underscore the need for targeted mental health interventions tailored to the identified factors to reduce the burden of MDD in diverse African contexts.
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