ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Establishment of reference ranges and stability assessment for target height completion rate based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS).
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Height SDS is a well-established and effective screening indicator for clinical growth assessment. Nevertheless, as a purely population-relative metric, it does not in isolation incorporate parental height information. To complement the conventional SDS-based evaluation, we propose the Target Height Completion Rate (THCR = adult height/genetic target height × 100%), an index additionally adjusted for parental genetic height. Based on a large population-based cohort from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), this study aims to establish population-level reference ranges of THCR in general Chinese adults and systematically evaluate its cross-subgroup stability, to provide a baseline benchmark for clinical THCR evaluation and future disease cohort research. Methods: Data were drawn from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS, 1989-2015), yielding 5,098 adult individuals (≥18 years; 3,122 males, 1,976 females) with matched parental height records. Genetic target height was calculated using the Tanner method [males: (father's height + mother's height + 13)/2; females: [father's height + mother's height - 13]/2]. After calculating THCR, its associations with sex, birth cohort, urban-rural residence, educational attainment, and other factors were evaluated, and percentile reference ranges were established. Results: THCR exhibited an approximately normal distribution, with a mean of 102.19% (SD 3.25%) and a median of 102.18%. Female THCR (102.99% ± 3.28%) was higher than male THCR (101.69% ± 3.13%) by 1.30 percentage points. Showed a weak positive correlation with THCR (low education group 101.87% → high education group 102.67%), and the univariable urban-rural difference (0.30 pp; urban 102.38% vs. rural 102.08%, Conclusions: THCR in the general Chinese population remained stably centered around 102%, with minimal between-subgroup differences (all < 1.5 percentage points across cohorts from the 1950s onward). The percentile distribution established in this study provides a baseline reference for future disease cohort studies.
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