ArticleBrain communications2026
Reduced volume of neuromodulatory brainstem nuclei is associated with early hallucination-related vulnerability in Parkinson's disease.
Article in Brain communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Early hallucination-related phenomena, including minor visual hallucinations (mVHs), are clinically relevant features of Parkinson's disease (PD), but their neuroanatomical substrates remain unclear. Brainstem nuclei supporting sensory gating, together with cholinergic and noradrenergic dysregulation, are proposed modulators of hallucinations. The objective of the present study was to test whether PD participants with early hallucination-related phenomena show reduced volumes of brainstem nuclei with cholinergic and noradrenergic relevance, using cross-sectional analysis of baseline structural MRI, clinical, and neuropsychological data from 641 PD participants in the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI). Participants scoring ≥1 at screening, baseline, or during the first nine months of follow-up were categorized as PD-mVHs
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