Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42817738›Full record

ArticleLiver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver2026

Serum Hepatocyte Growth Factor Predicts Outcomes in Non-Acetaminophen Drug-Induced Acute Liver Failure.

Tao Wang, Silvia M Bacot, Kamai Patterson, Devira Friedman, Caroline Taylor, Huixiao Hong, Jie Liu, Mark I Avigan, Paul Hayashi, Jody A Rule and 4 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Serum Hepatocyte Growth Factor Predicts Outcomes in Non-Acetaminophen Drug-Induced Acute Liver Failure.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Tao WangOffice of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1153-3430
Silvia M BacotOffice of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Kamai PattersonOffice of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Devira FriedmanOffice of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Caroline TaylorOffice of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Huixiao HongDivision of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA.
Jie LiuDivision of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA.
Mark I AviganOffice of Surveillance and Epidemiology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5535-7996
Paul HayashiDivision of Hepatology and Nutrition, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5371-1020
Jody A RuleDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4019-372X
William M LeeDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2783-5441
Jorge RakelaDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7088-9779
Gerald M FeldmanOffice of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Minjun ChenDivision of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6453-2351

Funding

The US Food and Drug Administration E0779001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsRegenerative capacity and inflammatory responses are key determinants of outcome in acute liver failure (ALF). However, their prognostic significance in non-acetaminophen drug-induced liver injury with acute liver injury or ALF (non-APAP-DILI-ALI/ALF) remains poorly defined. We aimed to identify biomarkers of regeneration and inflammation associated with clinical outcomes in this population.

methodsWe evaluated clinical laboratory parameters and circulating biomarkers in 79 patients with non-APAP-DILI-ALI/ALF (20 with ALI, 59 with ALF) and 19 healthy donors. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify independent predictors of 21-day transplant-free survival among these patients. These predictors were used to create a composite model that was compared with the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score.

resultsMarkers reflecting hepatic synthetic dysfunction (TBIL, INR, MELD) were strongly associated with the outcomes, whereas aminotransferases were not. HGF levels were markedly elevated in non-APAP-DILI-ALI/ALF patients versus healthy donors (5070 ± 4001 vs. 276 ± 581 pg/mL; p < 0.001), increased with injury severity, and were highest in patients who died or underwent transplantation (6421 ± 4359 vs. 4102 ± 3456 pg/mL; p = 0.009). Among inflammatory mediators, only interleukin-6 showed a modest association with outcome. We developed an H-Score based on the three variables independently associated with survival on multivariable analysis: HGF (odds ratio, 1.0002; p = 0.048), TBIL and INR. The H-Score outperformed MELD overall (area under the curve, 0.819 vs. 0.713) and in ALF only patients (0.811 vs. 0.643; p = 0.040).

conclusionsHGF provides independent prognostic value beyond standard measures in non-APAP-DILI-ALF. The H-Score may improve risk stratification over the MELD score and warrants validation in a prospective cohort.

Indexed as

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver InjuryHepatocyte Growth FactorLiver Failure, AcuteAdultBiomarkersCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisSeverity of Illness IndexBiomarkersHepatocyte Growth FactorHGF protein, humandrug‐induced liver failuredrug‐induced liver injuryhepatocyte growth factorinflammatory cytokines and chemokinesprognostic biomarker

Identifiers

PMID42817738
PMCPMC13628146

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.