Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42819068›Full record

ArticleCyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.)2026

Bio-Inspired Artificial Intelligence Multimorbidity Score for Human-Machine Clinical Risk Stratification.

Jinghao Liang, Ying Liu, Wei Wang, Zixian Xie, Yijian Lin, Jihao Qi, Yiwen Cai, Yongxuan He, Yaowen Liang, Yiling Chen and 22 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

32 authors.

Jinghao LiangDepartment of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Ying LiuHealth Management Center, Yuebei People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512025, China.
Wei WangDepartment of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Zixian XieDepartment of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Yijian LinSecond Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China.
Jihao QiSecond Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China.
Yiwen CaiSecond Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7840-5393
Yongxuan HeSecond Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China.
Yaowen LiangSecond Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China.
Yiling ChenSecond Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China.
Suzheng ZhaoSecond Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China.
Ziqiu ChengDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Fayuan WuDepartment of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Haonan ZhaoDepartment of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Xinhao LiangDepartment of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Kaiqi ZhangSecond Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China.
Yuanlin YuanSecond Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China.
Jingchun NiSecond Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China.
Xiaoyao LeiSecond Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China.
Liangyi YaoSecond Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China.
Yuanqin LiuSecond Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China.
Zishan HuangFirst Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
Dianhan LinShantou University Medical College, Shantou 515063, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0139-241X
Weiqiang YinDepartment of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Hengrui LiangDepartment of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Zhihua GuoDepartment of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Qiu WeiDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530199, China.
Feiying HeSchool of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
Mingyang JiangDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Nanshan ZhongDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Qiong LiangDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning 530022, China.
Jianxing HeDepartment of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Multimorbidity is strongly associated with mortality, but existing comorbidity indices often generalize poorly across populations because they depend on fixed disease lists and context-specific weights. We developed the large-language-model-based multimorbidity score (LLM-MMS), a prompt-based large-language-model-derived multimorbidity phenotype score, as a bio-inspired artificial intelligence score for human-machine clinical risk stratification and evaluated it for all-cause mortality prediction in 770,439 adults from 9 international longitudinal cohorts. Harmonized participant-level data were converted into standardized health narratives and processed without model fine-tuning. In the UK Biobank, LLM-MMS achieved strong discrimination, calibration, and prediction accuracy. Across 8 external cohorts, it maintained consistent performance, with

Identifiers

PMID42819068
PMCPMC13624909

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.