ReviewRSC advances2026
Marine macroalgae biomass as a sustainable resource for energy storage devices: progress, challenges, and future perspectives.
Review in RSC advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The rapidly increasing demand for sustainable, high-performance energy-storage systems has driven strong interest in renewable, low-cost carbon resources. Among these resources, marine macroalgae represent a distinctive biomass platform because of their rapid growth, abundance, carbohydrate-rich composition, and intrinsic heteroatom-containing functionalities. The present review provides a focused and critical assessment of marine macroalgae as precursors for advanced energy-storage materials with particular emphasis on the relationships among precursor chemistry, processing pathways, carbon structure, surface functionality, and electrochemical performance. A systematic analysis is presented of how differences among brown, red, and green macroalgae influence carbon yield, mineral/ash content, heteroatom retention, pore development, and the properties of the resulting electrode materials. Key structural-engineering strategies, including controlled carbonization, physical and chemical activation, intrinsic heteroatom self-doping, morphology regulation, and hybridization with transition-metal oxides/chalcogenides and conductive components, are critically discussed in the present work. The roles of these structural and compositional features in regulating ion transport, electronic conductivity, surface wettability, redox activity, and charge-storage mechanisms are linked to performance in electric double-layer capacitors, pseudocapacitors, and rechargeable batteries, including lithium-, sodium-, and zinc-ion systems. A further focus of this assessment is the translation of laboratory-scale performance toward practical applications by examining feedstock variability, pretreatment, processing energy, cost, environmental implications, scalability, and precursor standardization. Finally, the discussion identifies key research gaps and future directions toward rational feedstock selection, greener processing, multifunctional hybrid architectures, and device-level optimization. Overall, the present work establishes marine macroalgae as a versatile and sustainable platform for developing next-generation energy-storage materials while highlighting the scientific and practical challenges that must be addressed for scalable implementation.
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.