Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42819458›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention2026

Gender diversity and cholesterol in early adolescence: Findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.

Jason M Nagata, Priyadharshini Balasubramanian, Audrey Lopez, Christiane K Helmer, Jennifer H Wong, Iris Yuefan Shao, Christopher D Otmar, Kyle T Ganson, Alexander Testa, Erin E Dooley and 3 more

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Article in International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Jason M NagataDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Priyadharshini BalasubramanianDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Audrey LopezDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Christiane K HelmerDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Jennifer H WongDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Iris Yuefan ShaoDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Christopher D OtmarDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Kyle T GansonFactor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Alexander TestaDepartment of Management, Policy and Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
Erin E DooleyDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Holly C GoodingDivision of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Kelley Pettee GabrielDivision of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Fiona C BakerCenter for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: Previous research has shown that gender minorities face health inequities, including mental and physical health disparities, but few studies have examined cardiovascular disparities, such as lipid profiles, in early adolescents. Monitoring cholesterol in adolescence is important, as early lipid levels can predict future cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to assess associations between multiple measures of gender diversity and cholesterol profiles among early adolescents. Methods: Data from 1511 participants aged 10-14 years in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (2018-2021) were analyzed. Gender diversity was measured using transgender identity, felt gender (how much one feels like a boy/girl), gender expression (how gender is communicated through appearance and mannerisms), and gender non-contentedness (desire to be a sex or gender different from sex assigned at birth). Cholesterol measures included total, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and non-HDL cholesterol. Multivariable linear and modified Poisson regression models adjusted for sociodemographic factors were used to estimate associations. Results: Participants were 47.0% female, 37.9% racial and ethnic minority, and 1.9-19.1% were gender-diverse depending on the measure. Higher felt gender and gender non-contentedness scores were associated with lower HDL cholesterol. Gender non-contentedness was associated with higher non-HDL cholesterol. Conclusions: Some measures of gender diversity were associated with less favorable lipid profiles, including reduced HDL cholesterol. These findings build on prior research examining cardiovascular health in gender-diverse populations and highlight the need to investigate mechanisms underlying these associations.

Indexed as

AdolescentCholesterolFelt genderGenderGender identityHDLLipidTransgender

Identifiers

PMID42819458
PMCPMC13625891

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.