ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2026
Icariin: from preclinical promise to clinical reality-a critical evidence-based assessment.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Icariin (ICA), the principal flavonoid from Epimedii Folium, aligns with traditional Chinese medicine indications of tonifying kidney-yang and strengthening bone. Prior reviews mostly catalog ICA's preclinical neuroprotective, anti-fibrotic, anti-tumor, and osteoprotective effects, but lack evidence stratification. Here, we establish an evidence-stratified framework to evaluate ICA's structure-activity relationships, pharmacokinetics, and safety profiles, explicitly distinguishing preclinical pharmacological actions from unproven clinical efficacy. We delineate translational barriers including interspecies pharmacokinetic gaps, poor bioavailability, and flawed trial designs, and assess delivery systems to address these limitations. This work bridges traditional Chinese medicine practice with graded modern evidence, providing a translational roadmap to guide ICA's rational clinical development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.