Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42821146›Full record

ReviewBrain structure & function2026

The proto-cortical amygdala: a perspective on the functional and evolutionary relationship between the basolateral amygdala complex and neocortex in mammals.

Fionnghuala L J James, Sayed K Ahamed, Cheng Yang, Richard Wilson, Juan J Canales, Vanni Caruso, Luke R Johnson

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Brain structure & function, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Fionnghuala L J JamesSchool of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3271-6786
Sayed K AhamedSchool of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8642-0740
Cheng YangSchool of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Australia.
Richard WilsonCentral Science Laboratory, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0152-4394
Juan J CanalesSchool of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2884-5227
Vanni CarusoSchool of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0523-6149
Luke R JohnsonSchool of Psychological Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Australia. LukeJohnsonPhD@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5088-1788

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The basolateral amygdala complex (BNC) plays an important role in learning, memory, motivation, and social behaviour, with its dysfunction implicated in a wide variety of psychiatric disorders. Despite being one of the most intensely researched areas of the brain, much is still unknown about its microanatomical structure and function, relationships and evolutionary origins. In this review, we offer a multidisciplinary approach through the lens of comparative anatomy and evolutionary developmental studies to provide a better understanding of the anatomical and functional relationship between the amygdala and cortex in memory, learning, and social behaviour. Particular attention is paid to the evolutionary origin of pallial areas across amniotes, as well as homology between principal neurons, cortical layers, BNC nuclei, and connectivity between these areas. We argue that the basolateral amygdala complex functions as an early form of the mammalian neocortex. This theory will help to further the understanding of amygdala and cortex function in both health and psychiatric disease.

Indexed as

Basolateral Nuclear ComplexBiological EvolutionNeocortexAnimalsHumansMammalsNeural PathwaysNeuronsSocial BehaviorBasolateral amygdalaEvolutionMammalsNeocortexPrefrontal cortex

Identifiers

PMID42821146
PMCPMC13630959

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.