ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Glycemic burden-adjusted urinary glucose excretion deficit is associated with hyperuricemia in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the associations of glycemic burden-adjusted urinary glucose excretion deficit (GB-UGE deficit) with serum uric acid levels and prevalent hyperuricemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A total of 887 patients with T2DM were enrolled. GB-UGE deficit was defined as the inverse standardized residual from a linear regression of ln(urinary glucose excretion + 1) on glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose, 2-hour postprandial glucose and eGFR; a higher GB-UGE deficit indicates less urinary glucose excretion than expected for a given glycemic burden. Participants were grouped by hyperuricemia status, with baseline demographic, metabolic and renal data collected. Statistical analyses included multiple linear regression, quartile-based logistic regression, stepwise-adjusted logistic regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS), ROC curves and sensitivity analyses. Results: Patients with hyperuricemia had a higher GB-UGE deficit ( Conclusion: In this single-center cross-sectional study of hospitalized T2DM patients, GB-UGE deficit was associated with elevated serum uric acid and prevalent hyperuricemia. As an exploratory cohort-specific residual index rather than a validated clinical marker, it may signal suboptimal urinary glucose excretion, with hypothetical links to disturbed renal tubular glucose and urate co-transport. Prospective multicenter external cohorts are required to verify its reproducibility, biological mechanism and translational value.
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