Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42836926›Full record

ArticleJournal of endocrinological investigation2026

The association between androgenic profile and cardiometabolic risk factors in young men: insights from a large observational cohort study.

Davide Menafra, Cristina de Angelis, Francesco Garifalos, Paolo Chiodini, Nunzia Verde, Mariangela Piscopo, Giacomo Galdiero, Antonio De Fraia, Alessandro Mazzarella, Nicola Di Paola and 7 more

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Article in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Davide Menafra *Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Unità di Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Sessualità e Affermazione di Genere, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy.
Cristina de Angelis *Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Unità di Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Sessualità e Affermazione di Genere, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy.
Francesco Garifalos *Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Unità di Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Sessualità e Affermazione di Genere, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy.
Paolo ChiodiniMedical Statistics Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Nunzia VerdeDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Unità di Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Sessualità e Affermazione di Genere, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy.
Mariangela PiscopoDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Unità di Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Sessualità e Affermazione di Genere, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy.
Giacomo GaldieroDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Unità di Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Sessualità e Affermazione di Genere, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy.
Antonio De FraiaDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Unità di Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Sessualità e Affermazione di Genere, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy.
Alessandro MazzarellaDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Unità di Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Sessualità e Affermazione di Genere, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy.
Nicola Di PaolaDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy.
Chiara SimeoliDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy.
Mariarosaria NegriDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy.
Claudia PivonelloDepartment of Public Health, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
Riccardo GiannellaUOC Urologia, AORN Cardarelli, Napoli, Italy.
Stefano ZarrilliDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy.
Annamaria ColaoDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy.
Rosario PivonelloDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Unità di Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Sessualità e Affermazione di Genere, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy. rosario.pivonello@unina.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9632-1348

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe current single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study with a cross-sectional design was conducted to evaluate the association between androgenic profile and metabolic cardiovascular risk (mCVR) factors and to explore whether testosterone deficiency was associated with an unfavourable cardiometabolic profile in a large community-recruited cohort of 659 young men aged 18-35 years.

methodsParticipants underwent comprehensive assessment of anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and hormonal parameters.

resultsBody mass index (BMI), expression of generalized obesity, waist circumference (WC), expression of abdominal/visceral obesity, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and triglycerides (TG) significantly and progressively decreased and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol significantly increased across total testosterone (TT) tertiles. Similarly, weight, BMI, WC, systolic blood pressure (SBP), DBP and TG significantly decreased and HDL-cholesterol significantly increased across SHBG tertiles. Weight and adiposity-related anthropometric parameters, namely BMI and WC, significantly and progressively decreased across calculated free testosterone (cFT) tertiles. Spearman correlation analysis showed that TT and SHBG were significantly and negatively correlated with weight (r=-0.149, r=-0.154), BMI (r=-0.204, r=-0.165), WC (r=-0.234, r=-0.225), SBP (r=-0.112, r=-0.142) and TG (r=-0.117, r=-0.204), and significantly and positively correlated with HDL-cholesterol (r = 0.167, r = 0.251). Additionally, SHBG was significantly and negatively correlated with DBP (r=-0.173). cFT was significantly and negatively correlated with age (r=-0.108) and BMI (r=-0.132). In a multiple linear regression analysis in models adjusted for age, BMI and WC, TT and SHBG were independently associated with HDL-cholesterol (β = 0.151, β = 0.186), and SHBG was independently associated with SBP (β=-0.177) and DBP (β=-0.204). Men with testosterone below the normal range (Hypo-T group) showed a significantly higher prevalence of generalized obesity and abdominal obesity than men with testosterone within the normal range (Normal-T group). Conversely, Overweight/Obese men exhibited significantly lower TT and a significantly higher prevalence of testosterone deficiency than Normal-Weight men.

conclusionIn young adult men, androgenic profile was found to be robustly associated with mCVR factors; however, causality and temporal directionality cannot be inferred because of the cross-sectional design of the study.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular diseasesDiabetesHypogonadismMetabolic cardiovascular risk factorsMetabolic disordersSex hormone-binding globulinTestosteroneYoung men

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.