Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42847482›Full record

ArticleTransboundary and emerging diseases2026

A Self-Assembling β-Annulus Nanoparticle Vaccine Incorporating OX40L Confers Partial Protection Against NADC30-Like PRRSV in Piglets.

Linxing Tian, Zhengdan Lin, Jiahui Ma, Zihui Hu, Nan Cao, Xinghua Chen, Mingxing Lu, Shudan Liu, Chao Zhang, Huanchun Chen and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Linxing TianNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China, hzau.edu.cn.
Zhengdan LinNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China, hzau.edu.cn.
Jiahui MaNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China, hzau.edu.cn.
Zihui HuNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China, hzau.edu.cn.
Nan CaoNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China, hzau.edu.cn.
Xinghua ChenNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China, hzau.edu.cn.
Mingxing LuNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China, hzau.edu.cn.
Shudan LiuNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China, hzau.edu.cn.
Chao ZhangNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China, hzau.edu.cn.
Huanchun ChenNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China, hzau.edu.cn.
Xiangmin LiNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China, hzau.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1412-5069
Ping QianNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China, hzau.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3120-2556

Funding

Hubei Province Jiangxia Laboratory Open Project 2025JXKF006National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology AML2023B11National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFD1301902National Key Research and Development Program of China 2024YFD1800505
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) remains one of the most economically significant viral diseases affecting the global swine industry, and currently available commercial vaccines provide only limited protection against circulating PRRS virus (PRRSV) strains. Therefore, alternative vaccination strategies are urgently needed to enhance protection against PRRSV infection. In this study, selected antigenic regions derived from the PRRSV structural proteins GP3, GP4, GP5, and M were incorporated into a β-annulus peptide-based nanoparticle scaffold derived from tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), and the resulting construct was further fused with the immunostimulatory molecule OX40L. The resulting OX40L-β-MEs protein formed nanoscale particles and was evaluated for immunogenicity and protective efficacy in piglets. Immunization with the OX40L-β-MEs nanoparticle vaccine induced measurable PRRSV-specific humoral responses and cellular immune-related responses in piglets. Following the challenge with the NADC30-like PRRSV strain GX-3264, piglets in the OX40L-β-MEs group showed shorter fever duration, reduced serum viremia and lung viral loads, and milder pulmonary lesions compared with PBS controls. In summary, these findings demonstrate that the β-annulus-based nanoparticle formulation can induce measurable immune responses and provide partial protection against NADC30-like PRRSV challenge, supporting further evaluation of this strategy for PRRSV vaccine development.

Indexed as

OX40 LigandPorcine Reproductive and Respiratory SyndromePorcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virusViral VaccinesAnimalsAntibodies, ViralNanoparticlesNanovaccinesProtein Subunit VaccinesSwineAntibodies, ViralNanovaccinesOX40 LigandProtein Subunit VaccinesViral VaccinesimmunogenicityNADC30-like strainsnanoparticle vaccineprotective efficacyPRRSVβ-annulus peptide

Identifiers

PMID42847482
PMCPMC13648024

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.