ArticleParasites & vectors2026
Genetic diversity and morphology of South Korean Aedes koreicus (Diptera: Culicidae) provide insights into the origin of European populations.
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Abstract
backgroundAedes koreicus (Edwards, 1917) is native to Korea, northern China, and the Russian Far East, and has gained attention following its first detection in Europe in 2008 and subsequent spread across Europe. The Korean Peninsula, which includes the type locality of Ae. koreicus, has been regarded as a potential source region for invasive populations of this species, along with other parts of its native range. However, little is known about the genetic and morphological attributes of Korean populations.
methodsWe obtained DNA from 172 specimens of Ae. koreicus from 19 populations in South Korea, including Jeju Island. Genetic diversity and population structure were assessed using the mitochondrial COI marker, with 147 European sequences and one northern Chinese sequence available from GenBank included in the comparison. We also examined 520 specimens from 40 South Korean localities to evaluate variation in morphological characters previously reported in European studies.
resultsA total of 23 COI haplotypes were identified among 172 specimens from 19 sites in South Korea. H2 was the most frequent and widely distributed haplotype (116/172, 67.4%), occurring at 17 sites. Among the 147 European sequences, comprised 35 haplotypes, only one of which, H2, was shared between South Korean samples and German sequences. Pairwise F
conclusionsSouth Korean populations showed genetic and morphological differences from several European populations of Ae. koreicus. Although additional genetic data and broader sampling in both the native and invaded ranges are required for validation, our results suggest that European Ae. koreicus populations are unlikely to have originated solely from Korea, indicating the possibility of additional source regions within the native range outside Korea.
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